TY  - JOUR
AB  - We study the peer effects of grade retention in the context of Indiana’s statewide third-grade retention policy. When a retention occurs, it changes the peer group for two cohorts: rising fourth graders who lose a peer and rising third graders who gain a peer. We identify peer effects in both cohorts by leveraging plausibly exogenous variation in cohort-level retention rates caused by a discontinuity in the rule that determines which students are retained. We find that when a student is retained, rising fourth graders who lose the student as a peer are less likely to have a disciplinary incident. However, the effect fades out after one year, and there is not consistent evidence of peer effects on other outcomes for promoted students. For rising third graders who gain the retained student as a peer, we find no evidence of peer effects. We conclude that the total peer effects of grade retention are limited.
AU  - Hwang, NaYoung 
AU  - Koedel, Cory
PY  - 2025
ST  - The Peer Effects of Grade Retention
TI  - The Peer Effects of Grade Retention
UR  - http://www.edworkingpapers.com/ai25-1146
ER  -