@EdWorkingPaper{ai25-1161,
title = "Investing in College Readiness: Societal Benefits and Costs of the El Dorado College Promise Program",
author = "Lu Xu, David S. Knight",
institution = "Annenberg Institute at Brown University",
number = "1161",
year = "2025",
month = "March",
URL = "http://www.edworkingpapers.com/ai25-1161",
abstract = {A growing volume of research shows college promise programs increase the likelihood that students enroll in and complete college. Place-based promise programs provide a guaranteed college scholarship for students who attend a specified school district. We examine the societal benefits and costs of a place-based scholarship program in rural Arkansas, the El Dorado Promise. Our cost framework treats tuition payments as a cash transfer that shifts the cost burden of higher education, rather than causing new societal costs. Findings show the program provides societal benefits equal to $4.6 for each dollar invested. Our Monte Carlo simulations show that the program produces benefits to society that exceed costs in 91 percent of scenarios, providing a high likelihood of positive returns.},
}