Those interruptions add up. For a 2021 study, researchers Matthew Kraft and Manuel Monti-Nussbaum surveyed students, teachers, and administrators in Providence, R.I., about classroom interruptions, and deployed observers to count the disruptions for themselves.
Education Week used approximately the average amount of time lost for each type of disruption—as detailed in Kraft and Monti-Nussbaum’s research—and added interruptions to match as closely as possible the frequency of each disruption to the frequencies represented in the study.
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