Private school choice programs have garnered plenty of attention lately. Most of the policy action has been at the state level, where about a dozen Republican-led states have built education savings account programs (ESAs) that offer public funds to nearly all families to pay for their children’s private schooling. Critics have raised an assortment of concerns, including that these programs disproportionately benefit the wealthy, prompt private schools to raise their tuition rates, violate longstanding norms for U.S. schools, and aren’t well supported by research evidence.