EdWorkingPapers
Education and Climate Change: Synthesizing the Evidence to Guide Future Research
… The effects of climate change are becoming increasingly visible across … U.S. PreK-12 education system. Schools are both vulnerable to climate change and uniquely positioned to be part of the solution. We …The effects of climate change are becoming increasingly visible across all aspects of the U.S. PreK-12 education system. Schools are both vulnerable to climate change and uniquely positioned to be part of the solution. We synthesize interdisciplinary research and data to illustrate the bi-directional relationship between schools and our changing climate. Drawing on this evidence, we map out a… more →
The Four Day Gamble: The Quasi-Experimental Effects of Four-Day School Week Adoption on Teacher, Principal, and Paraprofessional Staff Turnover and District Financial Outcomes
… districts that are seeking to reduce educator turnover and district expenditures. Using a staggered treatment event study design, I am among the first to estimate the quasi-experimental effects of 4DSW adoption on teacher, principal, and paraprofessional …Four-day school week (4DSW) adoption is an increasingly popular policy, particularly for rural districts that are seeking to reduce educator turnover and district expenditures. Using a staggered treatment event study design, I am among the first to estimate the quasi-experimental effects of 4DSW adoption on teacher, principal, and paraprofessional staff turnover. Further, I provide a valuable… more →
Teacher Working Conditions and Dissatisfaction Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
… With a goal of contextualizing teacher job dissatisfaction during the first full school year of the COVID-19 pandemic, we contrast teachers’ experiences to the decade and a half leading up to the pandemic. We draw on nationally …With a goal of contextualizing teacher job dissatisfaction during the first full school year of the COVID-19 pandemic, we contrast teachers’ experiences to the decade and a half leading up to the pandemic. We draw on nationally representative data from the Schools and Staffing Survey and National Teacher and Principal Survey from the 2003-04 to 2020-21 school years. Through descriptive and… more →
How Context Shapes the Relationship between School Autonomy and Test-Scores: An Explanatory Analysis using PISA 2015
… School autonomy has been and continues to be one of the most important education reform strategies around the …School autonomy has been and continues to be one of the most important education reform strategies around the world despite ambiguity about its theoretical and empirical effects on students learning. We use international data from PISA to test three country-level factors that might account for inconsistent results in prior literature: (1) the selective implementation of school autonomy based… more →
Uncovering the sources of gender wage gaps among teachers: The role of compensation off the salary schedule
… male peers after controlling for experience, education, and school characteristics. Building on this literature, this … examines teacher salaries to provide empirical evidence of the extent of gender wage gaps in the teaching profession …Public teacher compensation is largely determined by fixed salary schedules that were designed to avoid payment inequalities based on demographic characteristics. Yet, recent research shows female teachers earn less than their male peers after controlling for experience, education, and school characteristics. Building on this literature, this paper examines teacher salaries to provide… more →
The Dynamic Market for Short-Cycle Higher Education Programs
… (SCPs) form skilled human capital in two or three years and could be key to upskilling and reskilling the workforce, provided their supply responds fast and nimbly to local labor market needs. We study determinants of SCP entry and exit in Colombia for markets defined by …Short-cycle higher education programs (SCPs) form skilled human capital in two or three years and could be key to upskilling and reskilling the workforce, provided their supply responds fast and nimbly to local labor market needs. We study determinants of SCP entry and exit in Colombia for markets defined by geographic location and field of study. We show greater dynamism in the market for… more →
Best and Brightest? The Impact of Student Visa Restrictiveness on Who Attends College in the US
… international students to obtain F-1 visas. Yet, before the COVID-19 pandemic, student visa applicants already faced … approximately 27 percent refusal rate that varies by time and region. Using data on the universe of SAT takers between 2004 and 2015 matched with college …Recent immigration policies have created massive uncertainty for international students to obtain F-1 visas. Yet, before the COVID-19 pandemic, student visa applicants already faced an approximately 27 percent refusal rate that varies by time and region. Using data on the universe of SAT takers between 2004 and 2015 matched with college enrollment records, we examine how the anticipated F-1 visa… more →
Nudges Don’t Work When the Benefits Are Ambiguous: Evidence from a High-Stakes Education Program
… expose high school students to college-level content and provide the opportunity to earn college credits, in part to smooth … the transition to college. With the Tennessee Department of Education, we conduct the first randomized controlled …Dual-credit courses expose high school students to college-level content and provide the opportunity to earn college credits, in part to smooth the transition to college. With the Tennessee Department of Education, we conduct the first randomized controlled trial of the effects of dual-credit math coursework on a range of high school and college outcomes. We find that the dual-credit advanced… more →
The Role of Emergency Financial Relief Funding in Improving Low-Income Students’ Academic and Financial Outcomes Across Demographic Characteristics
… This quasi-experimental study examined the effectiveness of a one-time emergency financial relief program among Pell … pursuing their first bachelor’s degree across academic and financial outcomes. The academic outcomes included …This quasi-experimental study examined the effectiveness of a one-time emergency financial relief program among Pell Grant eligible undergraduate students in Spring 2015 pursuing their first bachelor’s degree across academic and financial outcomes. The academic outcomes included retention to the next semester, degree completion, attempted credit hours, and grade point average. The financial… more →
A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Corequisite English Developmental Education: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Texas Community Colleges
… We estimate the societal costs associated with corequisite and traditional pre-requisite English developmental education … by Miller et al. (2022) that estimated the effects of three different approaches to English corequisites …We estimate the societal costs associated with corequisite and traditional pre-requisite English developmental education and compare them to societal benefits. Our context is the randomized controlled trial conducted by Miller et al. (2022) that estimated the effects of three different approaches to English corequisites implemented in 5 Texas community colleges. The main drivers of… more →
School-based language, math, and reading interventions for executive functions in children and adolescents: A systematic review
… Executive functions are a set of cognitive skills and processes used when directing behaviour towards the attainment of a certain goal. A large literature has …Executive functions are a set of cognitive skills and processes used when directing behaviour towards the attainment of a certain goal. A large literature has documented positive associations between executive functions and a variety of desirable outcomes throughout life, including academic achievement. However, training executive functions appears to have limited effects on academic… more →
Tutor CoPilot: A Human-AI Approach for Scaling Real-Time Expertise
… Generative AI, particularly Language Models (LMs), has the potential to transform real-world domains with societal … who stand to gain the most from high-quality education and are most likely to be taught by inexperienced educators. … CoPilot, a novel Human-AI approach that leverages a model of expert thinking to provide expert-like guidance to tutors …Generative AI, particularly Language Models (LMs), has the potential to transform real-world domains with societal impact, particularly where access to experts is limited. For example, in education, training novice educators with expert guidance is important for effectiveness but expensive, creating significant barriers to improving education quality at scale. This challenge disproportionately… more →
The Cobb Teaching & Learning System: An Initiative that Advances Educator Collaboration, Transformative Technology, and Real-Time Data Utilization
… The Cobb Teaching & Learning System (CTLS) is a digital learning initiative developed for and by the Cobb County School District (CCSD) in Georgia. … Looking at district-by-district comparisons, Cobb’s level of achievement and learning recovery resembles that of higher …The Cobb Teaching & Learning System (CTLS) is a digital learning initiative developed for and by the Cobb County School District (CCSD) in Georgia. CTLS became a crucial initiative used by the district to maintain student academic progress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, this case study seeks to analyze CTLS’s design and implementation, focusing on digital… more →
Closing gaps for racial minorities and immigrants through school-to-work linkages and occupational match
… This study investigates the role of college major choices in labor market outcomes, with a focus on racial minorities and immigrants. Drawing upon research on school-to-work …This study investigates the role of college major choices in labor market outcomes, with a focus on racial minorities and immigrants. Drawing upon research on school-to-work linkages, we examine two measures, linkage – the connection between college majors and specific occupations in the labor market – and match – the alignment of workers’ occupations with their college majors. Analyzing data… more →
Are Students On Track?: Comparing the Predictive Validity of Administrative and Survey Measures of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills for Long-Term Outcomes
… skills, self-regulation, behavior, course performance, and test scores for 8th-grade students from a Northeast … GPA, and an absences-suspensions index are included in the predictive models. For leaders hoping to identify the … … Returns to education and skills … Multiple outcomes of education … Program and policy effects … Are Students On …Education leaders need valid metrics to predict students’ long-term success. We use a unique dataset with cognitive skills, self-regulation, behavior, course performance, and test scores for 8th-grade students from a Northeast school district. We link these data to students' high school outcomes, college enrollment, persistence, and on-time degree completion. Survey-based cognitive and self-… more →
Teacher Retention and Quality in the Four-Day School Week
… The four-day school week is a school calendar that has become … common following the COVID-19 pandemic. Proponents of the calendar often claim that offering teachers a regular … weekend will help schools better retain existing teachers and recruit new teachers to their district without incurring …The four-day school week is a school calendar that has become increasingly common following the COVID-19 pandemic. Proponents of the calendar often claim that offering teachers a regular 3-day weekend will help schools better retain existing teachers and recruit new teachers to their district without incurring additional costs due to higher salaries or other pecuniary benefits. However, there… more →
How the Engagement of High-Profile Partisan Officials Affects Education Politics, Public Opinion, and Polarization
… intervene in education policy debates? We analyzed the results of 18 survey experiments conducted between 2009 and 2021 with nationally representative samples of U.S. …What happens to public opinion when prominent partisan officials intervene in education policy debates? We analyzed the results of 18 survey experiments conducted between 2009 and 2021 with nationally representative samples of U.S. adults. Each experiment explored the effect of an endorsement of a specific education policy by a high-profile partisan official on the public’s attitudes toward… more →
Where are the Gifted English Learners and Students with Disabilities?
… documented substantial inequity across, racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic lines within the population of students identified as gifted. Less attention has paid to …Prior research has documented substantial inequity across, racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic lines within the population of students identified as gifted. Less attention has paid to the equity of gifted identification for student learning English or those with disabilities and what effect state policies toward gifted education might have on these rates. This paper attempted to fill that void… more →
The NCTE Transcripts: A Dataset of Elementary Math Classroom Transcripts
… Classroom discourse is a core medium of instruction --- analyzing it can provide a window into teaching and learning as well as driving the development of new tools for improving instruction. We …Classroom discourse is a core medium of instruction --- analyzing it can provide a window into teaching and learning as well as driving the development of new tools for improving instruction. We introduce the largest dataset of mathematics classroom transcripts available to researchers, and demonstrate how this data can help improve instruction. The dataset consists of 1,660 45-60 minute long… more →
From Disruption to Recovery: Charter School Performance During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
… In recent decades, an increasing number of students have pursued alternative educational options, … has continued to expand. This trend was accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. While it is well established that … loss or the pace of recovery has differed between charter and traditional public schools (TPS). In the current study, …In recent decades, an increasing number of students have pursued alternative educational options, including charter schools, as school choice has continued to expand. This trend was accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. While it is well established that students experienced widespread learning loss during the pandemic, it remains unclear whether the extent of that loss or the pace of recovery… more →
The Opportunity Costs of Career and Technical Education: Coursetaking Tradeoffs for High School CTE Students
… Career and Technical Education (CTE) has long played a substantial, … student engagement and prepare students for success in the workforce, detractors caution that CTE may inhibit … to which CTE may limit course taking in a wide range of subjects (including core academic subjects, electives, and …Career and Technical Education (CTE) has long played a substantial, though controversial, role within America’s public schools. While supporters argue that CTE may increase student engagement and prepare students for success in the workforce, detractors caution that CTE may inhibit students’ access to the rigorous academic coursework needed for college and high-status careers. As students’… more →
A Systematic Review of Research on Tutoring Implementation: Considerations when Undertaking Complex Instructional Supports for Students
… academically. This study synthesizes 33 articles on the implementation of tutoring, defined as one-to-one or small-group instruction … an academic subject, to better understand the facilitators and barriers to program success. We find that policies …Tutoring has emerged as an especially promising strategy for supporting students academically. This study synthesizes 33 articles on the implementation of tutoring, defined as one-to-one or small-group instruction in which a human tutor supports students grades K-12 in an academic subject, to better understand the facilitators and barriers to program success. We find that policies influenced… more →
COVID-19 Diagnoses and University Student Performance: Evidence from Linked Administrative Health and Education Data
… We analyze the impact of COVID-19 diagnoses on student grades, retention, and on-time graduation at a large public university. Even … quarantine may cause non-trivial disruptions to learning. Using event study analysis, we find that a COVID-19 diagnosis …We analyze the impact of COVID-19 diagnoses on student grades, retention, and on-time graduation at a large public university. Even though COVID-19 rarely causes major health complications for a typical university student, diagnosis and quarantine may cause non-trivial disruptions to learning. Using event study analysis, we find that a COVID-19 diagnosis decreased a student's term grade point… more →
Labor Market Effects of Short-Cycle Higher Education Programs: Lessons from Colombia
… This paper estimates the heterogeneous labor market effects of enrolling in higher education short-cycle (SC) programs. … who would not have enrolled in higher education otherwise) and the diversion margin (students who would have enrolled in …This paper estimates the heterogeneous labor market effects of enrolling in higher education short-cycle (SC) programs. Expanding access to these programs might affect the behavior of some students (compliers) in two margins: the expansion margin (students who would not have enrolled in higher education otherwise) and the diversion margin (students who would have enrolled in bachelor’s… more →
School Segregation, Teacher Sorting, and the Distribution of Teachers
… The distribution of teaching effectiveness across schools is fundamental to understanding how schools can address disparities in educational outcomes. Research and policy have recognized the importance of teaching …The distribution of teaching effectiveness across schools is fundamental to understanding how schools can address disparities in educational outcomes. Research and policy have recognized the importance of teaching effectiveness for decades. Five stylized facts predict that teachers should be differentially allocated across schools such that poor, Black and Hispanic students are taught by less… more →
The Revealed Preferences for School Reopening: Evidence from Public-School Disenrollment
… Before the 2020-21 school year, educators, policymakers, and parents confronted the stark and uncertain trade-offs … by the health, educational, and economic consequences of offering instruction remotely, in person, or through a …Before the 2020-21 school year, educators, policymakers, and parents confronted the stark and uncertain trade-offs implied by the health, educational, and economic consequences of offering instruction remotely, in person, or through a hybrid of the two. Most public schools in the U.S. chose remote-only instruction and enrollment fell dramatically (i.e., a loss of roughly 1.1 million K-12… more →
All States Close but Red Districts Reopen: The Politics of In-Person Schooling during the COVID-19 Pandemic
… The COVID-19 pandemic created enormous challenges for public education. We assess the role of political factors and public health in state and local education decisions, …The COVID-19 pandemic created enormous challenges for public education. We assess the role of political factors and public health in state and local education decisions, especially the continuation of learning during COVID-19. Using an original dataset of state education policies since the start of the pandemic, we find that governors took the lead on ordering school closures in Spring 2020… more →
What Limits College Success? A review and further analysis of Holzer and Baum’s ‘Making College Work’
… Holzer and Baum’s recent book, ‘Making College Work: Pathways to … Students ,’ provides an excellent up-to-date review of higher education. My review first summarizes its key … themes: 1) who gains from college and why? 2) mismatch and the need for more structure; 3) problems with remediation; 4) …Holzer and Baum’s recent book, ‘Making College Work: Pathways to Success for Disadvantaged Students,’ provides an excellent up-to-date review of higher education. My review first summarizes its key themes: 1) who gains from college and why? 2) mismatch and the need for more structure; 3) problems with remediation; 4) financial barriers and 5) the promise of comprehensive support. I then… more →
Sustaining a Sense of Success: The Protective Role of Teacher Working Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic
… COVID-19 shuttered schools across the United States, upending traditional approaches to … experiences during emergency remote teaching in the spring of 2020 using responses to a working conditions survey from a sample of 7,841 teachers across 206 schools and 9 states. Teachers reported a range of challenges related …COVID-19 shuttered schools across the United States, upending traditional approaches to education. We examine teachers’ experiences during emergency remote teaching in the spring of 2020 using responses to a working conditions survey from a sample of 7,841 teachers across 206 schools and 9 states. Teachers reported a range of challenges related to engaging students in remote learning and… more →
Collective Racial Bias and the Black-White Test Score Gap
… This study examines the relationship between county-level estimates of implicit racial bias and black-white test score gaps in U.S. schools. Data from …This study examines the relationship between county-level estimates of implicit racial bias and black-white test score gaps in U.S. schools. Data from over 1 million respondents from across the United States who completed an online version of the Race Implicit Association Test (IAT) were combined with data from the Stanford Education Data Archive covering over 300 million test scores from U.S… more →
Separation of Church and State Curricula? Examining Public and Religious Private School Textbooks
… Curricula impart knowledge, instill values, and shape collective memory. Despite growing public funding … home schools, applying computational methods -- including the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools -- to measure the …Curricula impart knowledge, instill values, and shape collective memory. Despite growing public funding for religious schools through U.S. school choice programs, little is known about what they teach. We examine textbooks from public schools, religious private schools, and home schools, applying computational methods -- including the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools -- to measure the… more →
Time to Transfer: Long-Term Effects of a Sustained and Spiraled Content Literacy Intervention in the Elementary Grades
… We investigated the effectiveness of a sustained and spiraled content literacy intervention …We investigated the effectiveness of a sustained and spiraled content literacy intervention that emphasizes building domain and topic knowledge schemas and vocabulary for elementary-grade students. The Model of Reading Engagement (MORE) intervention underscores thematic lessons that provide an intellectual structure for helping students connect new learning to a general schema in Grade 1 (animal… more →
A Meta-Analysis of the Experimental Evidence Linking Mathematics and Science Professional Development Interventions to Teacher Knowledge, Classroom Instruction, and Student Achievement
… professional development interventions in mathematics and science can increase student achievement, our understanding of the mechanisms by which this occurs – particularly how …Despite evidence that teacher professional development interventions in mathematics and science can increase student achievement, our understanding of the mechanisms by which this occurs – particularly how these interventions affect teachers themselves, and the extent to which teacherlevel changes predict student learning – remains limited. The current meta-analysis synthesizes 46 experimental… more →
Within-School Heterogeneity in Quality: Do Schools Provide Equal Value Added to All Students?
… Low-socioeconomic status (SES), minority, and male students perform worse than their high-SES, … achievement gaps. Using individual-level data on the universe of public-school students in California, I estimate school …Low-socioeconomic status (SES), minority, and male students perform worse than their high-SES, non-minority, and female peers on standardized tests. This paper investigates how within-school differences in school quality contribute to these educational achievement gaps. Using individual-level data on the universe of public-school students in California, I estimate school quality using a value… more →
The Impact of Armed Conflict on College Students
… Given the spike of homicides in conflict zones of Colombia after the 2016 … the causal effect of violence on college test scores. Using a difference-in-difference design with heterogeneous … in violence had a negative effect on college learning, and how this negative effect is mediated by factors such as …Given the spike of homicides in conflict zones of Colombia after the 2016 peace agreement, I study the causal effect of violence on college test scores. Using a difference-in-difference design with heterogeneous effects, I show how this increase in violence had a negative effect on college learning, and how this negative effect is mediated by factors such as poverty, college major, degree type… more →
Going the Distance: Exploring Variation in Access to High-Quality PreK by Geographic Proximity, Race/Ethnicity, Family Income, and Home Language
… This study leverages six years of public prekindergarten (PreK) and kindergarten data (N = 22,469) from the Boston Public Schools (BPS) to examine enrollment in BPS …This study leverages six years of public prekindergarten (PreK) and kindergarten data (N = 22,469) from the Boston Public Schools (BPS) to examine enrollment in BPS PreK from 2012–2017 for students from different racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and linguistic groups. The largest differences in enrollment emerged with respect to race and ethnicity—and for enrollment in programs in higher-quality… more →
Estimating Treatment Effects with the Explanatory Item Response Model
… This simulation study examines the characteristics of the Explanatory Item Response Model (EIRM) when estimating … effects when compared to classical test theory (CTT) sum and mean scores and item response theory (IRT)-based theta …This simulation study examines the characteristics of the Explanatory Item Response Model (EIRM) when estimating treatment effects when compared to classical test theory (CTT) sum and mean scores and item response theory (IRT)-based theta scores. Results show that the EIRM and IRT theta scores provide generally equivalent bias and false positive rates compared to CTT scores and superior… more →
Choice and Change: The Implications of Charter School Expansion for School and Neighborhood Diversity in NYC
… In this paper we estimate the effect of charter schools on the diversity of nearby traditional public schools (TPSs) and neighborhoods in New York City. We employ a …In this paper we estimate the effect of charter schools on the diversity of nearby traditional public schools (TPSs) and neighborhoods in New York City. We employ a difference-in-differences approach that exploits the differences in the expansion of the charter sector between grades in the same school. This approach allows us to isolate the effect of charter schools from other neighborhood… more →
Who Wants to Reopen Schools in a Pandemic? Explaining Public Preferences Reopening Schools and Public Compliance with Reopening Orders During the COVID-19 Pandemic
… Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the decision to reopen schools for … drive public support for schools re-opening in person, and whether members of the public are any more or less willing to comply with …Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the decision to reopen schools for in-person instruction has become a highly salient policy issue. This study examines what overall factors drive public support for schools re-opening in person, and whether members of the public are any more or less willing to comply with school re-opening decisions based on their own preferences and the level of government from… more →
The role of student effort on performance in PISA: Revisiting the gender gap in achievement
… International assessments are important to benchmark the quality of education across countries. However, on low-stakes tests, … to explain test scores heterogeneity across countries and by gender groups. Our results highlight the importance of …International assessments are important to benchmark the quality of education across countries. However, on low-stakes tests, students’ incentives to invest their maximum effort may be minimal. Research stresses that ignoring students’ effort when interpreting results from low-stakes assessments can lead to biased interpretations of test performance across groups of examinees. We use data from… more →
A Kindergarten Lottery Evaluation of Core Knowledge Charter Schools: Should Building General Knowledge Have a Central Role in Educational and Social Science Research and Policy?
… The Core Knowledge curriculum is a K-8 curriculum focused on … in that is hypothesized to increase reading comprehension and Reading/English-LA achievement. This study utilizes an experimental design to evaluate the long term effects of attending Charter schools teaching the Core Knowledge …The Core Knowledge curriculum is a K-8 curriculum focused on building students General Knowledge about the world they live in that is hypothesized to increase reading comprehension and Reading/English-LA achievement. This study utilizes an experimental design to evaluate the long term effects of attending Charter schools teaching the Core Knowledge curriculum. Fourteen oversubscribed… more →
O Brother, Where Start Thou? Sibling Spillovers on College and Major Choice in Four Countries
… Family and social networks are widely believed to influence … siblings’ college options, we present evidence from the United States, Chile, Sweden and Croatia that older … a better college increases a younger sibling’s probability of enrolling in college at all, especially for families with …Family and social networks are widely believed to influence important life decisions but identifying their causal effects is notoriously difficult. Using admissions thresholds that directly affect older but not younger siblings’ college options, we present evidence from the United States, Chile, Sweden and Croatia that older siblings’ college and major choices can significantly influence their… more →
A Family Affair: The Effects of College on Parent and Student Finances
… for college is often a family affair, with both parents and students contributing. We study the effects of college on family finances using administrative data on …Paying for college is often a family affair, with both parents and students contributing. We study the effects of college on family finances using administrative data on the universe of federal aid applicants in California linked to credit records. We provide the first comprehensive analysis of how both students and their parents use debt with college attendance and how prices affect those… more →
Year-Round School Calendars: Effects on Summer Learning, Achievement, Parents, Teachers, and Property Values
… Year-round school calendars take the usual 175-180 instruction days of the school year and redistribute them, replacing the usual schedule – nine …Year-round school calendars take the usual 175-180 instruction days of the school year and redistribute them, replacing the usual schedule – nine months on, three months off – with a more “balanced” schedule of short instruction periods alternating with shorter breaks across all four seasons of the year. Over the past three decades, the number of schools using year-round calendars has… more →
How Free Market Logic Fails in Schooling— and What It Means for the Role of Government
… especially school vouchers, are expanding rapidly and shifting students out of traditional public schools. This essay broadens, deepens, and updates prior critiques of the free market logic in five ways. First, while prior …Market-based policies, especially school vouchers, are expanding rapidly and shifting students out of traditional public schools. This essay broadens, deepens, and updates prior critiques of the free market logic in five ways. First, while prior articles have pointed to some of the conditions necessary for efficient market functioning, I provide a more comprehensive list. Second, with an up-to… more →
Improving school management in low and middle income countries: a systematic review
… Improving school quality in low and middle income countries (LMICs) is a global priority. One way to improve quality may be to improve the management skills of school leaders. In this systematic review, we analyze the …Improving school quality in low and middle income countries (LMICs) is a global priority. One way to improve quality may be to improve the management skills of school leaders. In this systematic review, we analyze the impact of interventions targeting school leaders' management practices on student learning. We begin by describing the characteristics and responsibilities of school leaders… more →
McCleary at Twelve: Examining Policy Designs Following Court-Mandated School Finance Reform in Washington State
… litigation challenging state school finance systems, and in over half the cases, judges ruled the systems unconstitutional and … In 2012, state supreme court judges ruled in favor of plaintiff school districts in McCleary v. Washington State …All fifty U.S. state constitutions include language that guarantees residents’ access to a free public education. Plaintiffs in all but two states have brought litigation challenging state school finance systems, and in over half the cases, judges ruled the systems unconstitutional and mandated state legislators to provide more equitable and adequate funding. In 2012, state supreme court… more →
On-the-Job Learning: How Peers and Experience Drive Productivity among Teachers
… Workers learn on the job from both repetition and peers. Less understood is how specific types of experience and peer characteristics affect on-the-job …Workers learn on the job from both repetition and peers. Less understood is how specific types of experience and peer characteristics affect on-the-job learning. This likely differs by context (e.g., occupation, tasks, or roles). Absent such knowledge, it is unclear how to optimally assign workers to tasks and peers. We examine on-the-job learning among elementary school teachers. We… more →
Same Idea, Shifting Standards: An Experimental Study of Racial-Ethnic Biases in Ambitious Math Teaching
… Teacher expectations and judgments about student capabilities are predictive of student achievement, yet such judgments may be influenced … math teaching may also invite teacher biases due to the emphasis on student-generated inputs and ideas. In this …Teacher expectations and judgments about student capabilities are predictive of student achievement, yet such judgments may be influenced by salient dimensions of student identity and invite biases. Moreover, ambitious math teaching may also invite teacher biases due to the emphasis on student-generated inputs and ideas. In this pre-registered audit experiment, we investigate teacher biases in… more →
Distance to Degrees: How College Proximity Shapes Students’ Enrollment Choices and Attainment Across Race-Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status
… Leveraging rich data on the universe of Texas high school graduates, we estimate how the relationship between geographic access to public two- and four-year postsecondary institutions and postsecondary …Leveraging rich data on the universe of Texas high school graduates, we estimate how the relationship between geographic access to public two- and four-year postsecondary institutions and postsecondary outcomes varies across race-ethnicity and socioeconomic status. We find that students are sensitive to the distance they must travel to access public colleges and universities, but there are… more →